Breguet Classique Double Tourbillon
Há precisamente 220 anos, a 26 de Junho de 1801, Abraham-Louis Breguet recebia patente pela sua invenção mais famosa - o turbilhão. E pela qual esperara 3 anos.No Dicionário de Relojoaria (2007), já então escrevíamos:
Turbilhão – Dispositivo imaginado em 1798 por Abraham-Louis Breguet para anular as irregularidades do movimento provocadas pela gravidade. Era no tempo em que os relógios eram de bolso e passavam grande parte das suas vidas na posição vertical. Através de um sistema móvel em gaiola, que dá uma volta completa cada minuto e tem no seu interior os órgãos do escape e o balanço/espiral, os efeitos da gravidade tendem a anular-se. Hoje em dia, um relógio de pulso usado normalmente, devido aos movimentos nas várias posições, não precisa tecnicamente de um turbilhão, mas a beleza deste mecanismo, quase sempre à mostra, continua a ser apelativa. Há, hoje em dia, duplos e triplos turbilhões, turbilhões voadores (sem ponte), turbilhões inclinados, turbilhões que giram tridimensionalmente, 360 º. No entanto, nos últimos anos, com a banalização dos turbilhões em relógios que custam relativamente barato, esta complicação perdeu algum do seu encanto e mistério.
A Breguet, actualmente no portefólio do Swatch Group, o maior do mundo em termos industriais, não deixou passar despercebida a data e assinalou-a no seu site.
Dele, respigamos a explicação da escolha da palavra "turbilhão", que no século XVIII e início do século XIX, tinha um significado diferente do actual.
Who but Breguet could have proposed such a project? It required a solid grasp of science as well as an optimistic streak. This specific set of circumstances resulted in a project, which its inventor named “Tourbillon.” The word is frequently misinterpreted and its astronomical meaning has long been forgotten.
According to the major dictionaries of the 19th century, among them Descartes and the Encyclopédie, the word referred either to a planetary system and to its rotation on a single axis, or to the energy that causes the rotation of the planets around the sun. This sense of the word is far from its modern meaning of “violent rotation” or “uncontrollable storm.” A man of the Enlightenment, Breguet thus chose a word that someone who observed the world before imitating it would choose. In this, he resembles the 18th century philosophers who considered watchmaking to be the creation of a microcosm. In fact, it is hard not to envision a tiny, tidily ordered constellation in this mechanism, which assembles the devices for regulation (balance spring) and transfer (escape wheel and lever) in a mobile cage that spins as constantly as any planet…
Who but Breguet could have proposed such a project? It required a solid grasp of science as well as an optimistic streak. This specific set of circumstances resulted in a project, which its inventor named “Tourbillon.” The word is frequently misinterpreted and its astronomical meaning has long been forgotten.
According to the major dictionaries of the 19th century, among them Descartes and the Encyclopédie, the word referred either to a planetary system and to its rotation on a single axis, or to the energy that causes the rotation of the planets around the sun. This sense of the word is far from its modern meaning of “violent rotation” or “uncontrollable storm.” A man of the Enlightenment, Breguet thus chose a word that someone who observed the world before imitating it would choose. In this, he resembles the 18th century philosophers who considered watchmaking to be the creation of a microcosm. In fact, it is hard not to envision a tiny, tidily ordered constellation in this mechanism, which assembles the devices for regulation (balance spring) and transfer (escape wheel and lever) in a mobile cage that spins as constantly as any planet…
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